Robert Linton DC, FACO, CICE, CCIC
107 Brandon Way, Mt. Sterling, KY 40353
Phone: 859-499-1009
Fax: 859-499-1016
rlintondc@msn.com
http://www.myspinecenter.info
SELECTED OCCUPATIONAL HISTORY
Clinic Director, Chiropractor, Linton Spine & Joint Chiropractic Center, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky,
2000-Present
Independent Chiropractic Examiner and File Reviewer for several consulting companies and law
firms, 2012-Present
PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND LICENSURE
Certified Independent Chiropractic Examiner, American Board of Independent Medical Examiners, 2015-Present
Peer Review Chiropractor, Licensed in the State of Kentucky, Certificate #PR4589, 2012-Present
Chiropractic Orthopedist, Licensed in the State of Kentucky, Certificate #CO-008 2012-Present
Doctor of Chiropractic, Licensed in the State of Kentucky, License #4589, 2000-Present
Doctorate of Chiropractic, Life Chiropractic University, Marietta, Georgia, 1999
Internship, Life Chiropractic University, Marietta, Georgia, 1997-1999
National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part I, 1997
National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part II, 1998
National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part III, 1999
National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Part IV, 1999
National Board of Chiropractic Examiners, Physiotherapy, 2008
SELECTED POST-GRADUATE EDUCATION, CERTIFICATIONS AND DIPLOMATES
Certified Trauma Team Member, Academy of Chiropractic, Cleveland University-Kansas City, Chiropractic and Health Sciences, Long Island NY, 2018
Interprofessional Hospital Based Spine Care, Trends in hospital and emergent care in the healthcare delivery system inclusive of policies, hospital staffing and current care paths for mechanical spine issues. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic PostDoctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Impairment Rating, The understanding and utilization of the protocols and parameters of the AMA Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment 6th Edition. Spine, neurological sequelae, migraine, sexual dysfunction, sleep and arousal disorders, station and gait disorders and consciousness are detailed for impairment rating. Herniated discs, radiculopathy, fracture,
dislocation and functional loss are also detailed in relation to impairment ratings. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic PostDoctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Accident Reconstruction: Terms, Concepts and Definitions, The forces in physics that prevail in accidents to cause bodily injury. Quantifying the force coefficients of vehicle mass and force vectors that can be translated to the occupant and subsequently cause serious injury. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Accident Reconstruction: Causality, Bodily Injury, Negative Acceleration Forces, Crumple Zones and Critical Documentation, Factors that cause negative acceleration to zero and the subsequent forces created for the vehicle that get translated to the occupant. Understanding critical documentation of hospitals, ambulance reports, doctors and the legal profession in reconstructing an accident. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Accident Reconstruction: Skid Marks, Time, Distance, Velocity, Speed Formulas and Road Surfaces, The mathematical calculations necessary utilizing time, distance, speed, coefficients of friction and acceleration in reconstructing an accident. The application of the critical documentation acquired from an accident site. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Accident Reconstruction: Research, Causality and Bodily Injury, Delta V issues correlated to injury and mortality, side impact crashes and severity of injuries, event data recorder reports correlated to injury, frontal impact kinematics, crash injury metrics with many variables and inquiries related to head restraints. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Stroke Anatomy and Physiology: Brain Vascular Anatomy, The anatomy and physiology of the brain and how blood perfusion effects brain function. A detailed analysis of the blood supply to the brain and the physiology of ischemia. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Stroke Anatomy and Physiology: Stroke Types and Blood Flow, Various types of stroke identifying ischemia, hypoperfusion, infarct and penumbra zones and emboli. Cardiac etiologies and clinical features as precursor to stroke with associated paradoxical emboli and thrombotic etiologies. Historical and co-morbidities that have etiology instroke inclusive of diabetes, coagulopathy, acquired and hereditary deficiencies. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Stroke Principles of Treatment an Overview for the Primary Care Provider, Stroke type and treatments performed by vascular specialists. The goals of treatment with the physiology of the infarct and penumbra zones and the role of immediate triage in the primary care setting. Detailing the complications of stroke and future care in the chiropractic, primary care or manual medicine clinical setting. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Clinical Evaluation and Protocols for Identifying Stroke Risk, The neurological history and examination for identifying stroke risks with a focus on supra and infratentorial regions, upper and lower motor lesions, cranial nerve signs, spinal cord pathology, motor and sensory pathology and gait abnormalities. Examining genetic and family histories along with dissection risk factors. Stroke orthopedic testing and clinical guidelines pertaining to triage for the primary care provider. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Medical-Legal-Insurance Documentation, Accurate and compliant documentation of history and clinical findings inclusive of functional losses, loss of activities of daily living, duties under duress and permanent loss of enjoyment of life. Prognosing static vs. stable care, gaps in care both in the onset and in the middle of passive care with a focus on detailed diagnosing. The integration of chiropractic academia, the court system and the insurance reimburser’s requirements for complete documentation. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Primary Spine Care - Credentials and Knowledge Base, The credentials and knowledge based from an academia perspective when cooperatively treating in a collaborative environment inclusive of understanding pathology and mechanical spine issues. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Primary Spine Care - Spinal Biomechanical Engineering and MRI Spine Interpretation, Integrating Spinal Biomechanical Engineering and MRI Spine Interpretation into a primary spine care model, inclusive of necessity and acquisition protocols. A comprehensive review the latest evidence in documenting mechanical issues. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Primary Spine Care - Hospital Administration, Triage, Clinical Requirements and Collaborative Relationships with Medical Specialists, Understanding hospital and medical specialist's care paths for mechanical spine pathology and integrating the doctor of chiropractic in the hospital and allopathic treatment protocols. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Long Island, NY, 2018
Primary Spine Care - Contemporary Spine Research and Documentation, Central nervous system
connection and the thalamus, hypothalamus connection in both ascending and descending central pathways with neuro-endocrine implications that have the mechanisms to be a component of Schizophrenia, Dementia and Alzheimer’s with a linear relationship to the chiropractic spinal adjustment and chronic pain. Cleveland University – Kansas City, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2018
Spinal Trauma Pathology, Triage and Connective Tissue Injuries and Wound Repair, Triaging the injured and differentially diagnosing both the primary and secondary complaints. Connective tissue injuries and wound repair morphology focusing on the aberrant tissue replacement and permanency prognosis potential. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, New York, 2018
Spinal Trauma Pathology, Ligament Anatomy and Injury Research and Spinal Kinematics, Spinal ligamentous anatomy and research focusing on wound repair, future negative sequelae of abnormal tissue replacement and the resultant aberrant kinematics and spinal biomechanics of the spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, New York, 2018
Spinal Trauma Pathology, Spinal Biomechanics, Central Nervous System and Spinal Disc Nomenclature, The application of spinal biomechanical engineering models in trauma and the negative sequelae it has on the central nervous system inclusive of the lateral horn, periaqueductal grey matter, thalamus and cortices involvement. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, New York, 2018
Spinal Trauma Pathology, Biomechanics of Traumatic Disc Bulge and Age Dating Herniated Disc Pathology, The biomechanics of traumatic disc bulges as sequelae from trauma and the comorbidity of ligamentous pathology. Age-dating spinal disc pathology in accordance with Wolff’s Law. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, New York, 2018
Spinal Trauma Pathology, Clinical Grand Rounds, The review of case histories of mechanical spine pathology and biomechanical failures inclusive of case histories, clinical findings and xray and advanced imaging studies. Assessing comorbidities in the triage and prognosis of the injured. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, New York, 2018
Spinal Trauma Pathology, Research Perspectives, The review of current literature standards in spinal trauma pathology and documentation review of biomechanical failure, ligamentous failure and age-dating disc pathology. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, New York, 2018
Orthopedic Testing: Principles, Clinical Application and Triage, Integration of orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic PostDoctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Orthopedic Testing: Cervical Spine, Integration of cervical orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Orthopedic Testing: Cervical Spine, Integration of cervical orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Orthopedic Testing: Lumbar Spine, Integration of lumbar orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Orthopedic Testing: Clinical Grand Rounds, how to integrate orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebrobasilar insufficient patients and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process. How to integrate orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebrobasilar insufficient patients and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process. Cleveland University – Kansas City, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2018
Evidenced Based Care in a Collaborative Setting; Primary Spine Care 5, A literature based model for collaborating with hospitals, medical primary care providers and specialists. Reviewing the documentation requirements to communicate the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment plans with medical entities and having the evidence as a basis for those recommendations, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, PACE Approved for the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University- Kansas City, College of Chiropractic, Long Island NY 2018
Current Literature Standards of MRI Spine Interpretation; Primary Spine Care 5, MRI Spine Interpretation of the spine. How to triage a trauma and non-trauma with advanced imaging and document the necessity. We will also cover the basics of MRI Spine Interpretation inclusive of all types of herniations, bulges, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, PACE Approved for the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University- Kansas City, College of Chiropractic, Long Island NY 2018
Spine Brain Connection in Pain Pathways; Primary Spine Care 5, MRI Spine The spine-brain connection in managing chronic pain patients. Understanding how chronic pain negatively effects brain morphology and potential pathology as sequella. The role of chiropractic in preventing the loss of gray matter and the most recent evidence as outlined in indexed peer reviewed literature over the last 10 years verifying chiropractic’s role, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, PACE Approved for the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University- Kansas City, College of Chiropractic, Long Island NY 2018
Bio-Neuro-Mechanical Mechanism of the Chiropractic Spinal Adjustment; Primary Spine Care 5, The biological, neurological and mechanical mechanisms and pathways from the thrust to the lateral horn and brain connection and how the brain processes the chiropractic spinal adjustment based upon the literature. Care paths of chiropractic and physical therapy from an outcome basis, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, PACE Approved for the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards, Cleveland University- Kansas City, College of Chiropractic, Long Island NY 2018
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cartesian System, The Cartesian Coordinate System from the history to the application in the human body. Explanation of the x, y and z axes in both translation and rotations (thetas) and how they are applicable to human biomechanics. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic PostDoctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Pathobiomechanics, Spinal biomechanical engineering of the cervical and upper thoracic spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Pathobiomechanics, Spinal biomechanical engineering of the lumbar spine. This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Spinal Biomechanics in Trauma, To utilize whiplash associated disorders in various vectors of impact and whiplash mechanisms in determining pathobiomechanics. To clinically correlate annular tears, disc herniations, fractures, ligament pathology and spinal segmental instability as sequellae to pathobiomechanics from trauma. The utilization of digital motion x-ray in diagnoising normal versus abnormal facet motion along with case studies to understand the clinical application. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering & Organizational Analysis, Integrating spinal biomechanics and pathobiomechanics through digitized analysis. The comparison of organized versus disorganized compensation with regional and global compensation. Correlation of the vestibular, occular and proprioceptive neurological integration in the righting reflex as evidenced in imaging. Digital and numerical algorithm in analyzing a spine. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Cervical Digital Analysis, Digitizing and analyzing the cervical spine in neutral, flexion and extension views to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes alteration of motion segment integrity (AMOSI) in both angular and translational movement. Ligament instability/failure/pathology are identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies to analyze pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Lumbar Digital Analysis, Digitalizing and analyzing the lumbar spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotational analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Spinal Biomechanical Engineering: Full Spine Digital Analysis, Digitalizing and analyzing the full spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics as sequellae to trauma in relation to ligamentous failure and disc and vertebral pathology as sequellae. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotational analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Neurodiagnostics, Imaging Protocols and Pathology of the Trauma Patient, An in-depth understanding of the protocols in triaging and reporting the clinical findings of the trauma patient. Maintaining ethical relationships with the medical-legal community. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
Diagnostics, Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation and Triaging the Trauma Patient, An extensive understanding of the injured with clinically coordinating the history, physical findings and when to integrate neurodiagnostics. An understanding on how to utilize emergency room records in creating an accurate diagnosis and the significance of “risk factors” in spinal injury. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
Crash Dynamics and Its Relationship to Causality, An extensive understanding of the physics involved in the transference of energy from the bullet car to the target car. This includes G's of force, newtons, gravity, energy, skid marks, crumple zones, spring factors, event data recorder and the graphing of the movement of the vehicle before, during and after the crash. Determining the clinical correlation of forces and bodily injury. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
MRI, Bone Scan and X-Ray Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, MRI interpretation, physiology, history and clinical indications, bone scan interpretation, physiology and clinical indications, x-ray clinical indications for the trauma patient. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
Neurodiagnostic Testing Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, Electromyography (EMG), Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV), Somato Sensory Evoked Potential (SSEP), Visual Evoked Potential (VEP), Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAER) and Visual-Electronystagmosgraphy (V-ENG) interpretation, protocols and clinical indications for the trauma patient. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
Documentation and Reporting for the Trauma Victim, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation and diagnosis utilizing the ICD and the CPT codes to accurately describe the injury through diagnosis. Understanding and utilizing state regulations on reimbursement issues pertaining to healthcare. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
Documenting Clinically Correlated Bodily Injury to Causality, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation, diagnosis and clinical correlation to the injury when reporting injuries in the medical-legal community. Documenting the kinesiopathology, myopathology, neuropathology, and pathophysiology in both a functional and structural paradigm. Texas Chiropractic College, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Long Island, NY, 2017
MRI Interpretation of Degenerative Spine and Disc Disease with Overlapping Traumatic Insult to Both Spine and Disc, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of degenerative spondylolesthesis, spinal canal stenosis, Modic type 3 changes, central herniations, extrusions, compressions, nerve root compressions, advanced spurring and thecal sac involvement from an orthopedic, emergency room, chiropractic, neurological, neurosurgical, physical medicine perspective. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Interpretation of Cervical Herniations, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR Axial, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar herniations. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. morphology of lumbar disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad based herniations are defined and illustrated. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic PostDoctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Interpretation of Cervical Degeneration/Bulges, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of cervical degeneration. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Spinal cord and canal compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Herniations, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar herniations. With the co-morbities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Morphology of lumbar disc pathologies of central and lateral herniations, protrusions, extrusions, sequestration, focal and broad based herniations are defined and illustrated. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic PostDoctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Interpretation of Lumbar Degeneration/Bulges, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images in the interpretation of lumbar degeneration. With the co-morbidities and complications of stenosis, pseudo-protrusions, cantilevered vertebrate, Schmorl's nodes and herniations. Central canal and cauda equina compromise interpretation with management. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Protocols Clinical Necessity, MRI slices, views, T1, T2, STIR axial, stacking, FFE, FSE and sagittal images. Clinical indication for the utilization of MRI and pathologies of disc in both trauma and non-trauma sequellae, including bulge, herniation, protrusion, extrusion and sequestration. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Clinical Application, The clinical application of the results of space occupying lesions. Disc and tumor pathologies and the clinical indications of manual and adjustive therapies in the patient with spinal nerve root and spinal cord insult as sequelae. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Methodology of Analysis, MRI interpretation sequencing of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine inclusive of T1, T2, STIR and 3D gradient studies to ensure the accurate diagnosis of the region visualized. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Spinal Pathology, MRI interpretation of bone, intradural, extradural, cord and neural sleeve lesions. Tuberculosis, drop lesions, metastasis, ependymoma, schwanoma and numerous other spinal related tumors and lesions. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Disc Pathology and Spinal Stenosis, MRI interpretation of bulged, herniated, protruded, extruded, sequestered and fragmented disc pathologies in etiology and neurological sequelae in relationship to the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI Spinal Anatomy and Protocols, Normal anatomy of axial and sagittal views utilizing T1, T2, 3D gradient and STIR sequences of imaging. Standardized and desired protocols in views and sequencing of MRI examination to create an accurate diagnosis in MRI. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
MRI History and Physics, Magnetic fields, T1 and T2 relaxations, nuclear spins, phase encoding, spin echo, T1 and T2 contrast, magnetic properties of metals and the historical perspective of the creation of NMR and MRI. Texas Chiropractic College, ACCME Joint Providership with the State University of New York at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Buffalo, NY, 2017
Connective Tissue Spinal Disc Permanent Pathology, Primary Spine Care, Herniated, bulged, protruded and extruded discs, etiology and morphology. Age-dating disc pathology inclusive of Modic changes, piezoelectric effect, Wolff’s Law and radicular clinical presentation, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, June 2017
Connective Tissue Pathology and Research, Primary Spine Care, Utilization in spinal models
considering the opioid abuse and various spinal models in contemporary health care. Care paths
for mechanical spine pain and the evidence for conservative chiropractic care, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, June 2017
Bio-Neuro-Mechanical Lesions and Spine Care, Primary Spine Care, Mechanoreceptor, proprioceptor, nociceptor innervation and control of the spinal system with central nervous system action and interaction. The integration of the pain processing network and the HPA Axis (hypothalamus, adrenal and pituitary) with the chiropractic spinal adjustment, Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, June 2017
Ethics, Documentation and Research, Primary Spine Care, Maintaining ethical Interprofessional relationships based upon an evidenced based practice inclusive of triage, diagnostics and reporting. Creating thorough documentation that reflects your complete findings encompassing descriptive ICD-10 codes and concludes the presence or absence of pathology. Academy of Chiropractic Post-Doctoral Division, Texas Chiropractic College, June 2017
Personal Injury, Documentation, and Laser Therapy Protocols, The treatment and documentation of common personal injury diagnosis and procedures. Sponsored by Northwestern Health Sciences University, Louisville, Kentucky, March 2016
Post-Surgical Spine Rehabilitation Training, Post-surgical spine rehabilitation of patients who have undergone minimally invasive spinal surgery, emphasizing a continuum of the quality of treatment and care for the patient. Sponsored by The American Chiropractic Association and The Laser Spine Institute in partnership with the ACA Rehab Council, Cleveland, Ohio, May 2015
AMA Guides to the Evaluation and Permanent Impairment, Sixth Edition, Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education joint sponsorship with the American College of Disability Medicine, American Board of Independent Medical Examiners, and Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, March 2015
Medicolegal Issues for Independent Medical Examiners and Expert Witness, Learn critical steps involved in providing medical expert witness and independent medical examination services and understand the liabilities associated with providing those services. American College of Disability Medicine and American Board of Independent Medical Examiners, Orlando, Florida, March 2015
How to Write Winning Reports, Communicate information the reader needs accurately and convincingly, without ambiguity, in a structure that is easy to follow. American College of Disability Medicine and American Board of Independent Medical Examiners, Orlando, Florida, March 2015
AMA Guides to the Evaluation and Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education joint sponsorship with the American College of Disability Medicine, American Board of Independent Medical Examiners, and Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, 2015
Official Disability Guidelines Certification, This certification demonstrates that a provider, reviewer, case manager, adjuster or attorney is up-to-date with the latest treatment options, has a commitment to the principals of evidence-based medicine, and has a process in place to demonstrate knowledge and use of the best treatment and return-to-work data available. Work Loss Data Institute, 2014
MRI Spinal Anatomy and Protocols, Normal anatomy of axial and sagittal views utilizing T1, T2, 3D gradient and STIR sequences of imaging. Standardized and desired protocols in views and sequencing of MRI examination to create an accurate diagnosis in MRI. Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education Joint Sponsorship with the State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, Buffalo, New York, 2014
Bridging the Gap Between Medicine and Chiropractic, Acute and Chronic Care Guidelines, Algorithms in pain management, surgery, functional nutrition, and the proper use of the Official Disability Guidelines(ODG). Central Ohio Chiropractic Association, Columbus, Ohio, 2014
Recent Developments in Orthopedic Rehab of the Knee: Developing an evidence-based treatment plan, An Evidence-based, therapeutic value-designed exercise guidelines to promote tri-plane stabilization of the lower extremity, an advanced approach to assessing and treating knee pathology in all stages of recovery. Cross Country Education, Brentwood, Tennessee, 2013
Evidence-Based Sports Enhancement Programs from ACL Injury Prevention to Speed and Agility Coaching, Identify risk factors of knee injuries, and basis which to develop effective and preventative programs, and develop both individual and team programs to enhance speed and agility. Cross Country Education, Lexington, Kentucky, 2013
Treatment of Traumatic Cervical Spine Injury, Cervical spine anatomy, vertebral artery dissection and research, evidence based rehabilitation of cervical and thoracic spine. Texas Chiropractic College Post Graduate Department, Ashland, Kentucky, 2013
Identification of Traumatic Cervical Spine Injury, Colossus, The AMA Guidelines of Impairment, The Croft Treatment Guidelines: What do they say about spinal ligament injuries? Texas Chiropractic College Post Graduate Department, Ashland, Kentucky, 2013
Imaging for Objective Soft Tissue Injury Analysis, Standardized Subluxation Spinal Analysis and Spinal Instability Correlation, Review of radiographic guidelines, how to objectively document spinal ligament injuries, and correlate these injuries to the prognosis of the patient. American Spinal Injury and Impairment Consultants, Life University, Louisville, Kentucky, 2012
Credentials and Clinically Correlating Causality, The significance documentation and credentials in the personal injury field with a focus on clinically correlating causality, bodily injury and persistent functional loss as sequelae. Academy of Chiropractic Post Doctoral Division, New York Chiropractic Council, New York State Department of Education, Board for Chiropractic, Long Island, New York, 2012
Certification as a Chiropractic Insurance Consultant (CCIC), Logan Chiropractic College, St. Louis, Missouri, 2012
Diplomate, Academy of Chiropractic Orthopedists (DACO), Palmer Chiropractic College, Davenport, Iowa, 2011
Fellowship, Academy of Chiropractic Orthopedists (FACO), The Academy of Chiropractic Orthopedists, Davenport, Iowa, 2011
Dynamic Analysis Treatment and Rehab of Movement Related Dysfunctions, Evaluation and rehabilitation of chronic spinal injuries and abnormal biomechanics. University of Bridgeport, Louisville, Kentucky, 2011
Medical Report Writing for Motor Vehicle Collision Cases, Critical documentation, narrative report preparation and writing that every personal injury and forensic expert needs to know. Southern California University of Health Sciences, St. Louis, Missouri, 2009
Treatment of Physical Injuries and Clinical Management, Physiotherapy and exercise training as
it applies to case management and improved clinical outcomes. Palmer Chiropractic College,
Davenport, Iowa, 2007
Clinical Application of Mechanical Traction, Protocol and techniques that best utilizes mechanical traction and decompression equipment to reduce disc herniation. Northwestern Health Services University, Lexington Kentucky, 2007
Certification in Motor Vehicle Crash Forensic Risk Analysis (MVC-FRA), Spine Research Institute of San Diego, San Diego, California, 2006
Clinical Chiropractic Educational Symposium, Clinical management and research review of neuromuscular re-education and active rehabilitation of acute and chronic spinal conditions. Kentucky Association of Chiropractors, Owensboro, Kentucky, 2005
Chiropractic Certification in Spinal Trauma (C.C.S.T.), International Chiropractic Association, Chicago, Illinois, 2004
Certification in AMA Guides to the Evaluation and Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, The National University of Health Sciences, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2003
Whiplash Biomechanics: What We Know as of Summer 2003, Review of 2003 scientific research and publication from the diverse fields of clinical medicine and automotive safety engineering literature related to the subject of whiplash and related disorder. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
The Pathophysiology of Whiplash Injuries and their Diagnostic Counterparts: Is it Muscle or Spine? Investigation of sources of pain post motor vehicle crash including muscle, ligament, facet, disc, and vertebral endplates. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
Spinal Trauma Interfacing and Influencing the Neuro-endocrine Control of Immune System Function, An overview of the two major pathway systems that are involved in a cross-talk between brain and immune system: the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic
nervous system. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
Science Based Crash Countermeasures, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's perspective on automobile safety features and the influence they have to risk of injury to vehicle occupants. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
Understanding and Effectively Responding to an Insurers' Cost Containment Practices in a Personal Injury Case for Today's Chiropractor, Understanding the role of Colossus, the impact it has on payment of provider bills, determining what is reasonable and necessary, and case value drivers. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
How Could Anyone be Hurt with so Little Damage? Understanding and neutralizing the minor impact soft tissue defense strategy. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
Cervical Auto Trauma: Vehicle, Seat, Occupant, and Tissue Response, How vehicle, seat, and occupant tissue response act and interact to affect the potential for whiplash injury. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
Ligamentous Instability-To Manipulate or Not to Manipulate, History of failure instability, new research, imaging methods, risk versus benefit with manipulation. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
Objective Documentation in the Clinical Setting, Clinical history, type of crash, effects of injuries on activities of daily living, objective documentation, and exit exam. American Chiropractic Association, International Chiropractors Association Rehab Council, The Palmer Institute for Professional Advancement, Chicago, Illinois, 2003
New Era in Whiplash: Clinical Approach to Spine Trauma, The diagnosis, treatment, and management of injuries to occupants including neck injuries, brain injuries, soft tissue injuries, headaches and other clinical syndromes resulting from whiplash. International Chiropractic Association, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2003
New Era in Whiplash: Medical-Legal Considerations, The documentation and correlation of patients' loss of function as a result of spinal injuries that resulted from a motor vehicle crash. International Chiropractic Association, Cincinnati, Ohio, 2003
Certification in Whiplash, Brain Injury and Related Disorders, Southern California University of Health Sciences, San Diego, California, 2002
Annual Advanced Program Presented by Spine Research Institute of San Diego, Review of 2002 scientific research and publication from the diverse fields of clinical medicine and automotive safety engineering literature related to the subject of whiplash and related disorders. Southern California University of Health Sciences, San Diego, California, 2002
X-Ray Diagnosis & Treatment of Spinal Conditions, Radiographic diagnosis of spinal injuries and anomalies and how they affect a patient's case management. Logan College of Chiropractic, Lexington, Kentucky, 2001
Lecturer, Biomechanics and Clinical Considerations in Motor Vehicle Trauma, Kentucky Association of Trial Attorneys, Louisville, Kentucky, 2005
Lecturer, Motor Vehicle Trauma Risk Factors Effecting Prognosis, Bluegrass Trial Attorneys, Lexington, Kentucky, 2004
Lecturer, Whiplash, Risk Factors for Recovery and Chiropractic Record Keeping, American Association of Legal Nurse Consultants: Annual Convention, Georgetown, Kentucky, 2004
Lecturer, Facts and Myths of Minor Impact Soft Tissue Injuries, Bluegrass Trial Attorneys, Lexington, Kentucky, 2003
Linton R. “Pre-existing Disc Degeneration and Risk of Injury” Attorney at Law Magazine Kentucky Edition 5.2 (2017):8-9
Linton R. “Understanding Your Client’s MRI” Attorney at Law Magazine Kentucky Edition 4.5 (2017):8-9
Linton R. “Communicating the Findings of AOMSI: From the Exam Room to the Court Room” Attorney at Law Magazine Kentucky Edition 4.4 (2016):10-11
Linton R. “Are you Undervaluing Your Client’s Case?” Attorney at Law Magazine Kentucky Edition 4.3 (2016):10-11
National Association of Disability Examiners, 2017-Present
American Chiropractic Association, 2015- Present
Academy of Chiropractic, Member, 2012-Present
The Academy of Chiropractic Orthopedists, Member, 2011-Present
Kentucky Association of Chiropractors, Member, 2002-Present
The Honorable Order of Kentucky Colonels, Member, Frankfort, Kentucky, 2010-Present
Leadership Montgomery County, Graduate Member, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2010-Present
Montgomery County Masonic Lodge, Master Mason, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2010-Present 17
Montgomery County Council for the Arts, Sponsor of Multiple Events, Mt. Sterling Kentucky, 2005-Present
4-H Youth Program, Show and Sale, Sponsor, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2002-Present
Donation of a Backpack Safety Program to Montgomery County Schools, Sponsor, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2002
Montgomery County Parks and Recreation, Sponsor of Multiple Events. Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2001-Present
Big Brothers and Big Sisters, Bowl for Kids Sake, Sponsor, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2001 - Present
Montgomery County Schools, Sponsor of Various Athletic and Extracurricular Programs, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2001-Present
Montgomery County Family Resource Center, Angel Tree Program, Sponsor, Mt. Sterling, Kentucky, 2000-Present